301 - BLS (Basic Life Support)

Every scene has the same general procedure every emergency personnel member has to follow. This is dumbed down into 7 steps.

1 3S: 

• Situation

  • What is the call?

  • What happened

  • Sitrep

• Safety

  • Personal Safety

  • Safety of victim

  • Environmental Safety

2 c c Q:

• Consciousness

  • Is patient Conscious

• Catastrophic Bleeds

  • Are there visible heavy/catastrophic bleeds?

• Quick Look

  • Airway = ok?

  • Breating = ok?

    • Airway + Breathing = not ok IMMEDIATE CPR

3 Airways:

• MILS: manual in-line stabilization (neutral position of head) (example)

• Remove helmet if needed

• Clear Airways and mouth

  • chinlift & head tilting

• Inspect airways

4 Breating: 

• Check breathing

• Depth

• Cyanosis

• Breathing noises (Snoring = NOT BREATHING!!!!!!!!!)

• R|E|S

  • Rate

  • Effort

  • Symmetry

5. Circulation: 

• Check pulse

  • R|E|R

    • Rate

    • Effort

    • Regularity

• Signs of shock? 

  • Pale, clam skin

  • Capillary refill

  • Where is bleeding located? (If heavy bleed is near blood rich zone, it can lead to shock.

6 Disability:

• Pupils

  • Are they equal in size/reaction?

• Awake

• Approachable

• Pain Reactive

• Areactive

• FAST (Face | Arms | Speech | Time)

• Limbs

  • Can patient move/feel limbs?

7 Exposure:

• Visual control of injuries

  • Head to toe exam

• Pain scale of 1-10

Heart rate (HR):

the heart rate of a person can be measured on multiple locations on the body such as the wrist, neck, and feet..... Heart rate is determined in beats per minute (BPM). The only time someone can start CPR is if the pulse is 0. The normal pulse of an average adult is around 60-70 BPM.

Breathing:

it's important for medical personnel to listen to the patient's breathing quality and how much the patient breathes in a minute. By using a stethoscope, medical personnel can determine the quality of breath, medical personnel can also determine if the lung has been punctured: damaged, or full of water/smoke. The average adult has a Respiratory Rate of 20RR. The can be measured by a pulse oximeter, this reads the O2% in the blood of the patient, anything under 90% is bad, this will require O2 to be administered to the patient. 

Important to know: 

Check consciousness first, then pulse, breathing, and then injuries.